Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	11
Number of observations	569
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	49.0 KiB
Average record size in memory	88.2 B

Variable types

NUM	10
CAT	1

Warnings

`MeanPerimeter` is highly correlated with `MeanRadius` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`MeanRadius` is highly correlated with `MeanPerimeter` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`MeanArea` is highly correlated with `MeanRadius` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`MeanConcavePoints` is highly correlated with `MeanConcavity`	High correlation
`MeanConcavity` is highly correlated with `MeanConcavePoints`	High correlation
`MeanConcavity` has 13 (2.3%) zeros	Zeros
`MeanConcavePoints` has 13 (2.3%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2020-11-09 01:06:27.077441
Analysis finished	2020-11-09 01:06:50.251398
Duration	23.17 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v2.9.0
Download configuration	config.yaml

Diagnosis
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.4 KiB

B	357
M	212

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
B	357	62.7%
M	212	37.3%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

MeanRadius
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	456
Distinct (%)	80.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	14.12729174
Minimum	6.981
Maximum	28.11
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	6.981
5-th percentile	9.5292
Q1	11.7
median	13.37
Q3	15.78
95-th percentile	20.576
Maximum	28.11
Range	21.129
Interquartile range (IQR)	4.08

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.524048826
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2494497099
Kurtosis	0.8455216229
Mean	14.12729174
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.9
Skewness	0.9423795717
Sum	8038.429
Variance	12.41892013
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
12.34	4	0.7%
12.77	3	0.5%
15.46	3	0.5%
12.89	3	0.5%
13.05	3	0.5%
11.71	3	0.5%
13.85	3	0.5%
11.89	3	0.5%
10.26	3	0.5%
12.18	3	0.5%
Other values (446)	538	94.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6.981	1	0.2%
7.691	1	0.2%
7.729	1	0.2%
7.76	1	0.2%
8.196	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
28.11	1	0.2%
27.42	1	0.2%
27.22	1	0.2%
25.73	1	0.2%
25.22	1	0.2%

MeanTexture
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	479
Distinct (%)	84.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	19.28964851
Minimum	9.71
Maximum	39.28
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	9.71
5-th percentile	13.088
Q1	16.17
median	18.84
Q3	21.8
95-th percentile	27.15
Maximum	39.28
Range	29.57
Interquartile range (IQR)	5.63

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	4.301035768
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2229711841
Kurtosis	0.7583189724
Mean	19.28964851
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2.81
Skewness	0.6504495421
Sum	10975.81
Variance	18.49890868
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
14.93	3	0.5%
15.7	3	0.5%
18.9	3	0.5%
16.84	3	0.5%
17.46	3	0.5%
18.22	3	0.5%
20.52	3	0.5%
16.85	3	0.5%
19.83	3	0.5%
18.89	2	0.4%
Other values (469)	540	94.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9.71	1	0.2%
10.38	1	0.2%
10.72	1	0.2%
10.82	1	0.2%
10.89	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
39.28	1	0.2%
33.81	1	0.2%
33.56	1	0.2%
32.47	1	0.2%
31.12	1	0.2%

MeanPerimeter
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	522
Distinct (%)	91.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	91.96903339
Minimum	43.79
Maximum	188.5
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	43.79
5-th percentile	60.496
Q1	75.17
median	86.24
Q3	104.1
95-th percentile	135.82
Maximum	188.5
Range	144.71
Interquartile range (IQR)	28.93

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	24.29898104
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2642082899
Kurtosis	0.9722135477
Mean	91.96903339
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	12.71
Skewness	0.9906504254
Sum	52330.38
Variance	590.4404795
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
82.61	3	0.5%
134.7	3	0.5%
87.76	3	0.5%
130	2	0.4%
58.79	2	0.4%
133.8	2	0.4%
85.98	2	0.4%
113.4	2	0.4%
81.35	2	0.4%
84.08	2	0.4%
Other values (512)	546	96.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
43.79	1	0.2%
47.92	1	0.2%
47.98	1	0.2%
48.34	1	0.2%
51.71	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
188.5	1	0.2%
186.9	1	0.2%
182.1	1	0.2%
174.2	1	0.2%
171.5	1	0.2%

MeanArea
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	539
Distinct (%)	94.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	654.8891037
Minimum	143.5
Maximum	2501
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	143.5
5-th percentile	275.78
Q1	420.3
median	551.1
Q3	782.7
95-th percentile	1309.8
Maximum	2501
Range	2357.5
Interquartile range (IQR)	362.4

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	351.9141292
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5373644594
Kurtosis	3.652302762
Mean	654.8891037
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	153.3
Skewness	1.645732176
Sum	372631.9
Variance	123843.5543
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
512.2	3	0.5%
1214	2	0.4%
399.8	2	0.4%
758.6	2	0.4%
1075	2	0.4%
372.7	2	0.4%
684.5	2	0.4%
716.6	2	0.4%
1138	2	0.4%
658.8	2	0.4%
Other values (529)	548	96.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
143.5	1	0.2%
170.4	1	0.2%
178.8	1	0.2%
181	1	0.2%
201.9	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2501	1	0.2%
2499	1	0.2%
2250	1	0.2%
2010	1	0.2%
1878	1	0.2%

MeanSmoothness
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	474
Distinct (%)	83.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.0963602812
Minimum	0.05263
Maximum	0.1634
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.05263
5-th percentile	0.075042
Q1	0.08637
median	0.09587
Q3	0.1053
95-th percentile	0.11878
Maximum	0.1634
Range	0.11077
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.01893

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.01406412814
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1459535813
Kurtosis	0.8559749304
Mean	0.0963602812
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.0095
Skewness	0.4563237648
Sum	54.829
Variance	0.0001977997003
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.1007	5	0.9%
0.1075	4	0.7%
0.1054	4	0.7%
0.115	4	0.7%
0.1089	3	0.5%
0.1037	3	0.5%
0.09462	3	0.5%
0.1049	3	0.5%
0.08511	3	0.5%
0.1066	3	0.5%
Other values (464)	534	93.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.05263	1	0.2%
0.06251	1	0.2%
0.06429	1	0.2%
0.06576	1	0.2%
0.06613	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.1634	1	0.2%
0.1447	1	0.2%
0.1425	1	0.2%
0.1398	1	0.2%
0.1371	1	0.2%

MeanCompactness
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	537
Distinct (%)	94.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.1043409842
Minimum	0.01938
Maximum	0.3454
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.01938
5-th percentile	0.04066
Q1	0.06492
median	0.09263
Q3	0.1304
95-th percentile	0.2087
Maximum	0.3454
Range	0.32602
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.06548

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.05281275793
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5061554512
Kurtosis	1.650130467
Mean	0.1043409842
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.03263
Skewness	1.190123031
Sum	59.37002
Variance	0.0027891874
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.1206	3	0.5%
0.1147	3	0.5%
0.04994	2	0.4%
0.1339	2	0.4%
0.1267	2	0.4%
0.2087	2	0.4%
0.07722	2	0.4%
0.07698	2	0.4%
0.03834	2	0.4%
0.1599	2	0.4%
Other values (527)	547	96.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.01938	1	0.2%
0.02344	1	0.2%
0.0265	1	0.2%
0.02675	1	0.2%
0.03116	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.3454	1	0.2%
0.3114	1	0.2%
0.2867	1	0.2%
0.2839	1	0.2%
0.2832	1	0.2%

MeanConcavity
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
ZEROS

Distinct	537
Distinct (%)	94.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.08879931582
Minimum	0
Maximum	0.4268
Zeros	13
Zeros (%)	2.3%
Memory size	4.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.0049826
Q1	0.02956
median	0.06154
Q3	0.1307
95-th percentile	0.24302
Maximum	0.4268
Range	0.4268
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.10114

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.07971980871
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.8977525105
Kurtosis	1.998637529
Mean	0.08879931582
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.04046
Skewness	1.401179739
Sum	50.5268107
Variance	0.0063552479
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	13	2.3%
0.1204	3	0.5%
0.01342	2	0.4%
0.03344	2	0.4%
0.02688	2	0.4%
0.01997	2	0.4%
0.01972	2	0.4%
0.1974	2	0.4%
0.06726	2	0.4%
0.1085	2	0.4%
Other values (527)	537	94.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	13	2.3%
0.000692	1	0.2%
0.0009737	1	0.2%
0.001194	1	0.2%
0.001461	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.4268	1	0.2%
0.4264	1	0.2%
0.4108	1	0.2%
0.3754	1	0.2%
0.3635	1	0.2%

MeanConcavePoints
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
ZEROS

Distinct	542
Distinct (%)	95.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.04891914587
Minimum	0
Maximum	0.2012
Zeros	13
Zeros (%)	2.3%
Memory size	4.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.0056208
Q1	0.02031
median	0.0335
Q3	0.074
95-th percentile	0.12574
Maximum	0.2012
Range	0.2012
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.05369

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.03880284486
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.7932036459
Kurtosis	1.066555703
Mean	0.04891914587
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.02014
Skewness	1.171180081
Sum	27.834994
Variance	0.001505660769
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	13	2.3%
0.02864	3	0.5%
0.1242	2	0.4%
0.05252	2	0.4%
0.05778	2	0.4%
0.02031	2	0.4%
0.01924	2	0.4%
0.01615	2	0.4%
0.02594	2	0.4%
0.1471	2	0.4%
Other values (532)	537	94.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	13	2.3%
0.001852	1	0.2%
0.002404	1	0.2%
0.002924	1	0.2%
0.002941	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.2012	1	0.2%
0.1913	1	0.2%
0.1878	1	0.2%
0.1845	1	0.2%
0.1823	1	0.2%

MeanSymmetry
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	432
Distinct (%)	75.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.1811618629
Minimum	0.106
Maximum	0.304
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.106
5-th percentile	0.1415
Q1	0.1619
median	0.1792
Q3	0.1957
95-th percentile	0.23072
Maximum	0.304
Range	0.198
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.0338

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.02741428134
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1513247926
Kurtosis	1.287932992
Mean	0.1811618629
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.0171
Skewness	0.7256089734
Sum	103.0811
Variance	0.0007515428212
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.1714	4	0.7%
0.1769	4	0.7%
0.1893	4	0.7%
0.1717	4	0.7%
0.1601	4	0.7%
0.2116	3	0.5%
0.193	3	0.5%
0.1619	3	0.5%
0.1861	3	0.5%
0.172	3	0.5%
Other values (422)	534	93.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.106	1	0.2%
0.1167	1	0.2%
0.1203	1	0.2%
0.1215	1	0.2%
0.122	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.304	1	0.2%
0.2906	1	0.2%
0.2743	1	0.2%
0.2678	1	0.2%
0.2655	1	0.2%

MeanFractalDimension
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	499
Distinct (%)	87.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.06279760984
Minimum	0.04996
Maximum	0.09744
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.04996
5-th percentile	0.053926
Q1	0.0577
median	0.06154
Q3	0.06612
95-th percentile	0.07609
Maximum	0.09744
Range	0.04748
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.00842

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.007060362795
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1124304382
Kurtosis	3.00589212
Mean	0.06279760984
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.00422
Skewness	1.304488813
Sum	35.73184
Variance	4.98487228e-05
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.05667	3	0.5%
0.06113	3	0.5%
0.05913	3	0.5%
0.06782	3	0.5%
0.05907	3	0.5%
0.05715	2	0.4%
0.06758	2	0.4%
0.06331	2	0.4%
0.05866	2	0.4%
0.06284	2	0.4%
Other values (489)	544	95.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.04996	1	0.2%
0.05024	1	0.2%
0.05025	1	0.2%
0.05044	1	0.2%
0.05054	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.09744	1	0.2%
0.09575	1	0.2%
0.09502	1	0.2%
0.09296	1	0.2%
0.0898	1	0.2%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

First rows

	Diagnosis	MeanRadius	MeanTexture	MeanPerimeter	MeanArea	MeanSmoothness	MeanCompactness	MeanConcavity	MeanConcavePoints	MeanSymmetry	MeanFractalDimension
0	M	17.99	10.38	122.80	1001.0	0.11840	0.27760	0.30010	0.14710	0.2419	0.07871
1	M	20.57	17.77	132.90	1326.0	0.08474	0.07864	0.08690	0.07017	0.1812	0.05667
2	M	19.69	21.25	130.00	1203.0	0.10960	0.15990	0.19740	0.12790	0.2069	0.05999
3	M	11.42	20.38	77.58	386.1	0.14250	0.28390	0.24140	0.10520	0.2597	0.09744
4	M	20.29	14.34	135.10	1297.0	0.10030	0.13280	0.19800	0.10430	0.1809	0.05883
5	M	12.45	15.70	82.57	477.1	0.12780	0.17000	0.15780	0.08089	0.2087	0.07613
6	M	18.25	19.98	119.60	1040.0	0.09463	0.10900	0.11270	0.07400	0.1794	0.05742
7	M	13.71	20.83	90.20	577.9	0.11890	0.16450	0.09366	0.05985	0.2196	0.07451
8	M	13.00	21.82	87.50	519.8	0.12730	0.19320	0.18590	0.09353	0.2350	0.07389
9	M	12.46	24.04	83.97	475.9	0.11860	0.23960	0.22730	0.08543	0.2030	0.08243

Last rows

	Diagnosis	MeanRadius	MeanTexture	MeanPerimeter	MeanArea	MeanSmoothness	MeanCompactness	MeanConcavity	MeanConcavePoints	MeanSymmetry	MeanFractalDimension
559	B	11.51	23.93	74.52	403.5	0.09261	0.10210	0.11120	0.04105	0.1388	0.06570
560	B	14.05	27.15	91.38	600.4	0.09929	0.11260	0.04462	0.04304	0.1537	0.06171
561	B	11.20	29.37	70.67	386.0	0.07449	0.03558	0.00000	0.00000	0.1060	0.05502
562	M	15.22	30.62	103.40	716.9	0.10480	0.20870	0.25500	0.09429	0.2128	0.07152
563	M	20.92	25.09	143.00	1347.0	0.10990	0.22360	0.31740	0.14740	0.2149	0.06879
564	M	21.56	22.39	142.00	1479.0	0.11100	0.11590	0.24390	0.13890	0.1726	0.05623
565	M	20.13	28.25	131.20	1261.0	0.09780	0.10340	0.14400	0.09791	0.1752	0.05533
566	M	16.60	28.08	108.30	858.1	0.08455	0.10230	0.09251	0.05302	0.1590	0.05648
567	M	20.60	29.33	140.10	1265.0	0.11780	0.27700	0.35140	0.15200	0.2397	0.07016
568	B	7.76	24.54	47.92	181.0	0.05263	0.04362	0.00000	0.00000	0.1587	0.05884

Overview

Variables

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows